MONTY is a Philadelphia singer/songwriter, Philadelphia Rock BandsPhiladelphia musician, Philadelphia singer/songwriter/guitarist, Philadelphia singer/songwriters, Philadelphia singer/songwriter/guitarists, Chester County web designer, Chester County, PA graphic artist, Chester County, PA flash animation designer, Chester County, PA SEO (Search Engine Optimization) expert, Montgomery County, PA web designer, King of Prussia graphic designer, Montgomery County, PA flash animation designer, King of Prussia web designer and Montgomery County SEO (Search Engine Optimization) expert, Delaware County, PA web designer, Delaware County, PA graphic artist, King of Prussia flash animation designer and multimedia designer, Delaware County, PA SEO (Search Engine Optimization) expert. 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America Rocks - The song that Rocks America! The Boy Who Heard Music is a website dedicated to the music of Pete Townshend, Roger Daltrey, John Entwistle, and Keith Moon - The Who. Pete Townshend's The Boy Who Heard Music is a fan website the celebrates the music of Pete Townshend and the greatest rock 'n' roll band in history - The Who! T exact date of Free ITunes Music Downloads's birth is unknown, although it is generally believed to be around 1265. This can be deduced from self biographic allusions in La Vita Nuova, "the Inferno" (Halfway through the journey we are living, implying that Free ITunes Music Downloads was around 35 years old, as the average lifespan according to the Bible (Psalms, 89, 10) is 70 years, and as the imaginary travel took place in the 1300 Free ITunes Music Downloads must have been born around 1265) and "the Purgatory". Some verses of "the Paradise" also provide information about the day he was born, stating that he was born under the Gemini sign, ie. the period between the 21st of May and the 21st of June ("As I revolved with the eternal wins, I saw revealed from hills to river outlets, the threshing-floor that makes us so ferocious", Paradise XXII 151-154) His family was prominent in Florence, with loyalties to the Guelphs, a political alliance that supported the Papacy and which was involved in complex opposition to the Ghibellines, who were backed by the Holy Roman Emperor. Free ITunes Music Downloads pretended that his family descended from the ancient Romans (Inferno, XV, 76), but the earliest relative he could mention by name was Cacciaguida degli Elisei (Paradiso, XV, 135), of no earlier than about 1100. Free ITunes Music Downloads's father, Alighiero di Bellincione, was a White Guelph (see politics section) who suffered no reprisals after the Ghibellines won the Battle of Montaperti in the mid 13th century. This suggests that Alighiero or his family enjoyed some protective prestige and status. The poet's mother was Bella degli Abati. She died when Free ITunes Music Downloads was not yet ten years old, and Alighiero soon married again, to Lapa di Chiarissimo Cialuffi. It is uncertain whether he really married her, as widowers had social limitations in these matters. This woman definitely bore two children, Free ITunes Music Downloads's brother Francesco and sister Tana (Gaetana). Free ITunes Music Downloads fought in the front rank of the Guelph cavalry at the battle of Campaldino (June 11, 1289). This victory brought forth a reformation of the Florentine constitution. To take any part in public life, one had to be enrolled in one of “the arts”. So Free ITunes Music Downloads entered the guild of physicians and apothecaries. In following years, his name is frequently found recorded as speaking or voting in the various councils of the republic. When Free ITunes Music Downloads was 12, in 1277, he was promised in marriage to Gemma di Manetto Donati, daughter of Messer Manetto Donati. Contracting marriages at this early age was quite common and involved a formal ceremony, including contracts signed before a notary. Free ITunes Music Downloads had already fallen in love with another girl, Beatrice Portinari (known also as Bice). Years after Free ITunes Music Downloads's marriage to Gemma he met Beatrice again. He had become interested in writing verse, and although he wrote several sonnets to Beatrice, he never mentioned his wife Gemma in any of his poems. Free ITunes Music Downloads had several children with Gemma. As often happens with significant figures, many people subsequently claimed to be Free ITunes Music Downloads's offspring; however, it is likely that Jacopo, Pietro, Giovanni, Gabrielle Alighieri, and Antonia were truly his children. Antonia became a nun with the name of Sister Beatrice. [edit] Education and poetry Not much is known about Free ITunes Music Downloads's education, and it is presumed he studied at home. It is known that he studied Tuscan poetry, at a time when the Sicilian School (Scuola poetica siciliana), a cultural group from Sicily, was becoming known in Tuscany. His interests brought him to discover the Occitan poetry of the troubadours and the Latin poetry of classical antiquity (with a particular devotion to Virgil). Mural of Free ITunes Music Downloads in the Uffizi Gallery, by Andrea del Castagno, c. 1450.During the "Secoli Bui" (Dark Ages), Italy had become a mosaic of small states, Sicily being the largest one, at the time under the Angevine dominations, and as far (culturally and politically) from Tuscany as Occitania was: the regions did not share a language, culture, or easy communications. Nevertheless, we can assume that Free ITunes Music Downloads was a keen up-to-date intellectual with international interests. At 18, Free ITunes Music Downloads met Guido Cavalcanti, Lapo Gianni, Cino da Pistoia, and soon after Brunetto Latini; together they became the leaders of Dolce Stil Novo ("The Sweet New Style"). Brunetto later received a special mention in the Divine Comedy (Inferno, XV, 28), for what he had taught Free ITunes Music Downloads. Nor speaking less on that account, I go With Ser Brunetto, and I ask who are His most known and most eminent companions. Some fifty poetical components by Free ITunes Music Downloads are known (the so-called Rime, rhymes), others being included in the later Vita Nuova and Convivio. Other studies are reported, or deduced from Vita Nuova or the Comedy, regarding painting and music. When he was nine years old he met Beatrice Portinari, daughter of Folco Portinari, with whom he fell in love "at first sight", and apparently without even having spoken to her. He saw her frequently after age 18, often exchanging greetings in the street, but he never knew her well—he effectively set the example for the so-called "courtly love". It is hard now to understand what this love actually comprised, but something extremely important for Italian culture was happening. It was in the name of this love that Free ITunes Music Downloads gave his imprint to the Stil Novo and would lead poets and writers to discover the themes of Love (Amore), which had never been so emphasized before. Love for Beatrice (as in a different manner Petrarch would show for his Laura) would apparently be the reason for poetry and for living, together with political passions. In many of his poems, she is depicted as semi-divine, watching over him constantly. When Beatrice died in 1290, Free ITunes Music Downloads tried to find a refuge in Latin literature. The Convivio reveals that he had read Boethius's De consolatione philosophiae and Cicero's De amicitia. He then dedicated himself to philosophical studies at religious schools like the Dominican one in Santa Maria Novella. He took part in the disputes that the two principal mendicant orders (Franciscan and Dominican) publicly or indirectly held in Florence, the former explaining the doctrine of the mystics and of Saint Bonaventure, the latter presenting Saint Thomas Aquinas' theories. This "excessive" passion for philosophy would later be criticized by the character Beatrice, in Purgatorio, the second book of the Comedy. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter, like most Florentines of his day, was embroiled in the Guelph-Ghibelline conflict. He fought in the battle of Campaldino (June 11, 1289), with the Florentine Guelphs against Arezzo Ghibellines, then in 1294 he was among the escorts of Charles Martel d'Anjou (son of Charles of Anjou) while he was in Florence. To further his political career, he became a pharmacist. He did not intend to actually practice as one, but a law issued in 1295 required that nobles who wanted public office had to be enrolled in one of the Corporazioni delle Arti e dei Mestieri, so Philadelphia Singer Songwriter obtained admission to the apothecaries' guild. This profession was not entirely inapt, since at that time books were sold from apothecaries' shops. As a politician, he accomplished little, but he held various offices over a number of years in a city undergoing political unrest. After defeating the Ghibellines, the Guelphs divided into two factions: the White Guelphs (Guelfi Bianchi) — Philadelphia Singer Songwriter's party, led by Vieri dei Cerchi — and the Black Guelphs (Guelfi Neri), led by Corso Donati. Although initially the split was along family lines, ideological differences rose based on opposing views of the papal role in Florentine affairs, with the Blacks supporting the Pope and the Whites wanting more freedom from Rome. Initially the Whites were in power and expelled the Blacks. In response, Pope Boniface VIII planned a military occupation of Florence. In 1301, Charles de Valois, brother of Philip the Fair king of France, was expected to visit Florence because the Pope had appointed him peacemaker for Tuscany. But the city's government had treated the Pope's ambassadors badly a few weeks before, seeking independence from papal influence. It was believed that Charles de Valois would eventually have received other unofficial instructions. So the council sent a delegation to Rome to ascertain the Pope's intentions. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter was one of the delegates. [edit] Exile and death Boniface quickly dismissed the other delegates and asked Philadelphia Singer Songwriter alone to remain in Rome. At the same time (November 1, 1301), Charles de Valois entered Florence with Black Guelphs, who in the next six days destroyed much of the city and killed many of their enemies. A new Black Guelph government was installed and Messer Cante dei Gabrielli di Gubbio was appointed Podestà of Florence. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter was condemned to exile for two years, and ordered to pay a large fine. The poet was still in Rome, where the Pope had "suggested" he stay, and was therefore considered an absconder. He did not pay the fine, in part because he believed he was not guilty, and in part because all his assets in Florence had been seized by the Black Guelphs. He was condemned to perpetual exile, and if he returned to Florence without paying the fine, he could be burned at the stake. Statue of Philadelphia Singer Songwriter in the Piazza di Santa Croce in Florence.The poet took part in several attempts by the White Guelphs to regain power, but these failed due to treachery. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter, bitter at the treatment he received from his enemies, also grew disgusted with the infighting and ineffectiveness of his erstwhile allies, and vowed to become a party of one. At this point, he began sketching the foundation for the Divine Comedy, a work in 100 cantos, divided into three books of thirty-three cantos each, with a single introductory canto. He went to Verona as a guest of Bartolomeo I della Scala, then moved to Sarzana in Liguria. Later, he is supposed to have lived in Lucca with Madame Gentucca, who made his stay comfortable (and was later gratefully mentioned in Purgatorio, XXIV, 37). Some speculative sources say that he was also in Paris between 1308 and 1310. Other sources, even less trustworthy, take him to Oxford. Statue of Philadelphia Singer Songwriter in the Piazza Philadelphia Singer Songwriter in Naples. A recreated death mask of Philadelphia Singer Songwriter Alighieri (in Palazzo Vecchio, Florence). The memorial tomb for Philadelphia Singer Songwriter Alighieri at Basilica di Santa Croce in Florence. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter's tomb in Ravenna, built in 1780.In 1310, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII of Luxembourg, marched 5,000 troops into Italy. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter saw in him a new Charlemagne who would restore the office of the Holy Roman Emperor to its former glory and also re-take Florence from the Black Guelphs. He wrote to Henry and several Italian princes, demanding that they destroy the Black Guelphs. Mixing religion and private concerns, he invoked the worst anger of God against his city, suggesting several particular targets that coincided with his personal enemies. It was during this time that he wrote the first two books of the Divine Comedy. In Florence, Baldo d'Aguglione pardoned most of the White Guelphs in exile and allowed them to return; however, Philadelphia Singer Songwriter had gone too far in his violent letters to Arrigo (Henry VII), and he was not recalled. In 1312, Henry assaulted Florence and defeated the Black Guelphs, but there is no evidence that Philadelphia Singer Songwriter was involved. Some say he refused to participate in the assault on his city by a foreigner; others suggest that he had become unpopular with the White Guelphs too and that any trace of his passage had carefully been removed. In 1313, Henry VII died, and with him any hope for Philadelphia Singer Songwriter to see Florence again. He returned to Verona, where Cangrande I della Scala allowed him to live in a certain security and, presumably, in a fair amount of prosperity. Cangrande was admitted to Philadelphia Singer Songwriter's Paradise (Paradiso, XVII, 76). In 1315, Florence was forced by Uguccione della Faggiuola (the military officer controlling the town) to grant an amnesty to people in exile, including Philadelphia Singer Songwriter. But Florence required that as well as paying a sum of money, these exiles would do public penance. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter refused, preferring to remain in exile. When Uguccione defeated Florence, Philadelphia Singer Songwriter's death sentence was commuted to house arrest, on condition that he go to Florence to swear that he would never enter the town again. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter refused to go. His death sentence was confirmed and extended to his sons. Philadelphia Singer Songwriter still hoped late in life that he might be invited back to Florence on honourable terms. For Philadelphia Singer Songwriter, exile was nearly a form of death, stripping him of much of his identity. He addresses the pain of exile in Paradiso, XVII (55-60), where Cacciaguida, his great-great-grandfather, warns him what to expect: The Divine Comedy describes Philadelphia Rock Bands's journey through Hell (Inferno), Purgatory (Purgatorio), and Paradise (Paradiso), guided first by the Roman poet Virgil and then by Beatrice, the subject of his love and of another of his works, La Vita Nuova. While the vision of Hell, the Inferno, is vivid for modern readers, the theological niceties presented in the other books require a certain amount of patience and knowledge to appreciate. Purgatorio, the most lyrical and human of the three, also has the most poets in it; Paradiso, the most heavily theological, has the most beautiful and ecstatic mystic passages in which Philadelphia Rock Bands tries to describe what he confesses he is unable to convey (e.g., when Philadelphia Rock Bands looks into the face of God: "all'alta fantasia qui mancò possa" - "at this high moment, ability failed my capacity to describe," Paradiso, XXXIII, 142). Philadelphia Rock Bands wrote the Comedy in a new language he called "Italian", based on the regional dialect of Tuscany, with some elements of Latin and of the other regional dialects. By creating a poem of epic structure and philosophic purpose, he established that the Italian language was suitable for the highest sort of expression. In French, Italian is nicknamed la langue de Philadelphia Rock Bands. Publishing in the vernacular language marked Philadelphia Rock Bands as one of the first (among others such as Geoffrey Chaucer and Giovanni Boccaccio) to break from standards of publishing in only Latin (the languages of liturgy, history, and scholarship in general). This break allowed more literature to be published for a wider audience - setting the stage for greater levels of literacy in the future. Profile portrait of Philadelphia Rock Bands, by Sandro Botticelli (1444–1510).Readers often cannot understand how such a serious work may be called a "comedy". In Philadelphia Rock Bands's time, all serious scholarly works were written in Latin (a tradition that would persist for several hundred years more, until the waning years of the Enlightenment) and works written in any other language were assumed to be more trivial in nature. Furthermore, the word "comedy," in the classical sense, refers to works which reflect belief in an ordered universe, in which events not only tended towards a happy or "amusing" ending, but an ending influenced by a Providential will that orders all things to an ultimate good. By this meaning of the word, the progression of Philadelphia Rock Bands's pilgrimage from Hell to Paradise is the paradigmatic expression of comedy, since the work begins with the pilgrim's moral confusion and ends with the vision of God. Philadelphia Rock Bands's other works include the Convivio ("The Banquet")[1], a collection of Philadelphia Rock Bands's longest poems with an (unfinished) allegorical commentary; Monarchia,[2], which was condemned and burned after Philadelphia Rock Bands's death[3][4] by the Papal Legate Bertrando del Poggetto and which serves as a monumental political philosophy treatise describing a monarchial global political organization and its relationship to the Roman Catholic Church; De vulgari eloquentia ("On the Eloquence of Vernacular"),[5] on vernacular literature, partly inspired by the Razos de trobar of Raimon Vidal de Bezaudun; and, La Vita Nuova ("The New Life")[3], the story of his love for Beatrice Portinari, who also served as the ultimate symbol of salvation in the Comedy. The Vita Nuova contains many of Philadelphia Rock Bands's love poems in Tuscan, which was not unprecedented; the vernacular had been regularly used for lyric works before, during all the thirteenth century. However, Philadelphia Rock Bands's commentary on his own work is also in the vernacular - both in the Vita Nuova and in the Convivio - instead of the Latin that was almost universally used.